TY  - JOUR
AB  - Mechanoreception, the sensing of mechanical forces, is an ancient means of orientation and communication and tightly linked to the evolution of motile animals. In flies, the transient-receptor-potential N protein (TRP-N) was found to be a cilia-associated mechanoreceptor. TRP-N belongs to a large and diverse family of ion channels. Its unusually long N-terminal repeat of 28 ankyrin domains presumably acts as the gating spring by which mechanical energy induces channel gating. We analyzed the evolutionary origins and possible diversification of TRP-N. Using a custom-made set of highly discriminative sequence profiles we scanned a representative set of metazoan genomes and subsequently corrected several gene models. We find that, contrary to other ion channel families, TRP-N is remarkably conserved in its domain arrangements and copy number (1) in all Bilateria except for amniotes, even in the wake of several whole-genome duplications. TRP-N is absent in Porifera but present in Ctenophora and Placozoa. Exceptional multiplications of TRP-N occurred in Cnidaria, independently along the Hydra and the Nematostella lineage. Molecular signals of subfunctionalization can be attributed to different mechanisms of activation of the gating spring. In Hydra this is further supported by in situ hybridization and immune staining, suggesting that at least three paralogs adapted to nematocyte discharge, which is key for predation and defense. We propose that these new candidate proteins help explain the sensory complexity of Cnidaria which has been previously observed but so far has lacked a molecular underpinning. Also, the ancient appearance of TRP-N supports a common origin of important components of the nervous systems in Ctenophores, Cnidaria, and Bilateria.
AU  - Schüler, Andreas
AU  - Schmitz, Gregor
AU  - Reft, Abigail
AU  - Reft, Abigail Julia
AU  - Özbek, Suat
AU  - Thurm, Ulrich
AU  - Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
AU  - Bornberg-Bauer, E.
AU  - Bauer, Erich Bornberg-
DA  - 2015-06-22
DO  - 10.1093/gbe/evv091
KW  - protein evolution
KW  - domain rearrangements
KW  - mechanosensation
KW  - neurobiology
KW  - Cnidaria
KW  - nematocyst evolution
LA  - eng
N1  - Genome Biology and Evolution 7 (2015) 6, 1713–1727
N1  - Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2015/2016 der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
PY  - 2015-06-22
SN  - 1759-6653
TI  - The Rise and Fall of TRP-N, an Ancient Family of Mechanogated Ion Channels, in Metazoa
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:6-58279497375
Y2  - 2024-10-30T21:52:01
ER  -