Content

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   Contents
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   Abbreviations
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   Summary
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   Zusammenfassung
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   Resumen
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  1. Extended overview about this study
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  1.1. Introduction
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   General pathways of carbon flows in peatlands
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   Relevance of undisturbed peatlands and threats to peatlands
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   Long-term carbon accumulation in peatlands and its controls
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   Methane dynamics in peatlands and its controls
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   Relevance of vascular plants for CH4 dynamics in peatlands
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   Special characteristics of Patagonian peatlands
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   Cushion bogs and other vascular-plant dominated peatlands
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  1.2. Objectives
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   Blablabla
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  1.3. Methods
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  Study sites
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   Raised Sphagnum-dominated bog ecosystem
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   Vascular cushion plant-dominated bog ecosystem
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   Climatic settings
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  Setup and sampling in the field
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   Record of environmental conditions
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   Chamber measurements
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   Sampling of pore water and in-situ characterization
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   Peat core sampling
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  Analytical methods
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   Pore water chemistry
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   Solid peat characteristics and calculation of accumulation rates
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   Aerial image classification and upscaling of microform-level CH4 fluxes
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  1.4. Results and discussion
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   Long-term and recent accumulation rates of C and N
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   Controls on C and N accumulation rates and the impact of vegetation
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   Methane emissions from dominant bog microforms
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   Controls on CH4 emissions in the cushion bog and the impact of roots
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   Estimate of landscape-level CH4 release from both bog ecosystems
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  1.5. Synthesis
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   Conclusions from main observations and general implications
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   Future research topics
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  2. Study I
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  Effects of vascular plants on long-term carbon and nitrogen accumulation in pristine, ombrotrophic bogs of southern Patagonia*
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   Blablabla
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   Introduction
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  Material and Methods
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   Description of the study site
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   Sampling of peat cores in the field
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   Analyses of solid peat characteristics from continuous peat profiles
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   14C and 210Pb dating
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   Calculations and statistical analyses
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  Results
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   Plant macrofossils
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   Elemental composition, peat organic matter quality and stable isotopes
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   Peat, carbon and nitrogen accumulation in the Sphagnum bog
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   Peat, carbon and nitrogen accumulation in the cushion bog
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  Discussion
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   Accumulation of peat, carbon and nitrogen in the Sphagnum bog
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   Accumulation of peat, carbon and nitrogen in the cushion bog
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   Within-site variability of decomposition patterns as compared between Sphagnum bogs and cushion bogs
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   Conclusion
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   Blablabla
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   Supplement
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   Acknowledgement
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   Blablabla
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  3. Study II
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  Zero to moderate methane emissions in a densely rooted, pristine Patagonian bog – biogeochemical controls as revealed from isotopic evidence*
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   Blablabla
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   Introduction
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  Material and methods
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   Description of the study site
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   Sampling and analysis of solid peat and root biomass
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   Environmental variables
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  Chamber measurements and analyses of soil–atmosphere CH4 fluxes
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   Field measurements
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   CH4 flux calculation and statistical analyses
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  Depth profiles of peat pore water concentrations
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   Sampling and field measurements
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   Analytical procedures
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   Calculations and statistical analyses
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  Results
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   Characteristics of solid peat and root biomass
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   Environmental conditions and potential controls on CH4 fluxes
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   Soil–atmosphere CH4 fluxes and features of microforms possibly affecting CH4 emissions
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   Pore water CH4 and DIC concentration profiles
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   Carbon isotopic values in pore water and apparent fractionation
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   Hydrogen, oxygen and sulfate concentrations in pore water profiles
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  Discussion
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   Environmental controls on CH4 emissions
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   Astelia lawns – zero emission scenario
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   Pools – low-emission scenario
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   Sphagnum and Donatia lawns – low- to moderate-emission scenario
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   Implications for ecosystem CH4 emissions from Patagonian cushion bogs
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   Conclusion
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   Blablabla
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   Supplement
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   Blablabla
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   Acknowledgements
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   Blablabla
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  4. Study III
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  High-resolution classification of South Patagonian peat bog microforms reveals potential gaps in up-scaled CH4 fluxes by use of Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) and CIR imagery*
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   Blablabla
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   Introduction
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  Material and Methods
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   Site Description
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  Remote Sensing
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   UAS Platform and Sensor Technique
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   Image Acquisition
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   Data Processing and Object-Based Classification
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   Methane (CH4) Flux Measurements
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  Results
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   Object-Based Classification
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   CH4 Fluxes
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   Discussion
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   Conclusions
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   Blablabla
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   Acknowledgments
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   Blablabla
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   5. References
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   Danksagung