Inhalt

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  Introduction
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  Theoretical Overview: Sexual Objectification
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   Sexual objectification research from non-psychological perspectives.
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   Research on objectifying representations in media.
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   Sexual objectification in philosophical and feminist works.
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  Sexual objectification in the field of psychology.
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   Self-objectification.
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   Sexually objectifying others.
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  Empirical Part I: Development and Validation of the Sexual Objectification of Others Inventory (SOOI), an Instrument to Measure the Proclivity to Sexually Objectify Others
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   General Introduction
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   Current scales to measure the sexual objectification of others.
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   Conceptual approach toward the Sexual Objectification of Others Inventory.
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   Study 1 and Study 2: Development, Validation, and Assessment of the SOOI’s Test-Retest Reliability
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  Method.
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  Scale development.
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   Item generation.
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   Analyses of the initial item pool – Pretest 1.
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   Analyses of the revised item pool – Pretest 2.
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   Final scale refinement – reducing gender differences.
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   Participants of Study 1.
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   Participants of Study 2.
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  Measures of Study 1.
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   Acceptance of Modern Myths About Sexual Aggression Scale (AMMSA).
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   Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI).
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   Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Perpetration Measure (ISOS-P).
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   Likelihood to Sexually Harass (LSH).
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   Male Privilege Awareness (MPA).
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   Motivation to Respond Without Sexism (IMS/EMS).
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   Self-Objectification Questionnaire and Other-Objectification Questionnaire (SOQ/OOQ).
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   Sexual Orientation.
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   Social Dominance Orientation (SDO).
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   Sociosexual Orientation (SOI).
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   Internal consistencies of the measures in Study 1.
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   Measures of Study 2.
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   Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR).
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   Desire for Sex (DFS).
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   Interest in Sex Robots (ISR).
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   Sexual Harassment Myth Acceptance (ISHMA).
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   Objectifying Word Positivity Index (OWPI).
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   Internal consistencies of the measures in Study 2.
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   Procedure of Study 1.
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   Procedure of Study 2.
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   Preparations for factor analyses.
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  Results.
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   Exploratory factor analyses.
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   Confirmatory factor analyses.
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   Descriptive statistics and gender comparison.
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   Correlational analyses of the factor models and subfactors.
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   Reliability analyses.
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   Validity analyses.
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   Discussion.
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   Study 3: Applying the SOOI to People who Identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans or Queer*
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  Method.
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   Participants.
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  Measures.
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   Sexual Objectification of Others Inventory (SOOI).
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   Sexual Orientation.
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   Sociosexual Orientation (SOI).
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   Identification with the different parts of the LGBTQ initialism.
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   Further scales.
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   Procedure.
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  Results.
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   Confirmatory factor analysis.
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   Descriptive statistics and comparison of means.
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   Correlational analyses.
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   Discussion.
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   Study 4: Validation of an English SOOI Version
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  Method.
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   Participants.
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  Measures.
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   Curran Objectification Measure (COM).
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   Sexual Objectification of Others Inventory (SOOI).
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   Internal consistencies for each scale.
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   Procedure.
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  Results.
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   Confirmatory factor analysis.
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   Descriptive statistics and comparison of means.
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   Validity analyses.
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   Discussion.
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  Study 5: Sexual Objectification as Means to Palliate Masculinity Threat
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  Introduction.
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   Implicit sexual objectification.
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   Behavioral objectification.
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   Motives to sexually objectify.
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  Method.
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   Participants and Design.
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   Pretests.
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   Measures.
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   Behavioral Objectification: Attribute Ranking Task (BO-A).
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   Behavioral Objectification: Photo Selection Task (BO-P).
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   Implicit dehumanization and implicit objectification.
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   Masculinity Contingency Scale (MCS).
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   Sociosexual Orientation Revised (SOI-R).
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   Further scales.
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   Reliability indices for each measure.
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   Experimental manipulation: masculinity threat and confirmation.
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   Procedure.
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  Results.
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   Confirmatory factor analysis.
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   Descriptive statistics.
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   Validity analyses.
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   Experimental results.
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  Discussion.
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   Factor structure.
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   Convergent and discriminant validity.
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   Implicit sexual objectification.
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   Behavioral objectification.
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   Motives to sexually objectify.
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   General Discussion of Empirical Part I
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   Reliability of the SOOI.
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   Validity of the SOOI.
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   Implications, limitations, and outlook.
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  Empirical Part II: Sexual Objectification in the Eyes of Observers
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   General Introduction
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  Study 1
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  Introduction.
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   Power.
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   Fundamental content of social judgments: warmth and competence.
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   Backlash Effects—a plausible reason for gender differences in sexually objectifying behavior?
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  Method.
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   Participants.
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   Cover story.
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   Design.
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   Text vignettes.
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  Measures.
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   Sense of Power Scale.
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   Warmth and competence.
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   Social Distance Scale.
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   Social Dominance Orientation.
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   Ambivalent Sexism Inventory.
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   Internal consistencies.
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   Time difference scores.
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   Procedure.
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   Results.
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   Discussion.
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   Summary and conclusion.
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  Study 2
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  Introduction.
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   Investigating sexual objectification and sexual harassment.
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   Extending and replicating: power, ethical assessment, and stereotype content.
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  Method.
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   Participants.
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   Cover story.
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   Design.
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   Text vignettes.
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  Measures.
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   Sense of Power Scale.
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   Recognition as an Ethical Issue.
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   Negative Sanctioning.
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   Additional scales.
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   Internal consistencies.
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   Procedure.
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   Results.
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   Discussion.
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   Summary and conclusion.
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  Study 3
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   Introduction.
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  Method.
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   Participants.
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   Cover story.
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   Design.
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   Text vignettes.
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  Measures.
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   Internal consistencies.
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   Procedure.
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   Results.
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   Discussion.
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   Summary and conclusion.
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   General Discussion of Empirical Part II
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   Key findings, implications, and outlook.
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   Final Conclusion
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   References
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   Appendices